The primary goals of PCOS treatment are to :

• Regulate menstrual cycles
• Reduce androgen levels
• Improve fertility
• Manage weight
• Reduce the risk of long-term health problems such as diabetes and heart disease

Medical Treatments

• Oral contraceptives : Often the first line of treatment, they help regulate menstrual cycles, reduce acne, and excess hair growth by balancing hormones.
• Metformin : Primarily used to manage type 2 diabetes, it can also improve insulin resistance and ovulation in women with PCOS.
• Anti-androgens : These medications target excess male hormones, reducing symptoms like acne and hirsutism (excessive hair growth).
• Clomiphene : Stimulates ovulation and is often used for women with PCOS who are trying to conceive.
• Gonadotropins : Used for severe infertility related to PCOS, these are injectable fertility medications.

Lifestyle changes can significantly improve PCOS symptoms and overall health:

• Weight management : Even modest weight loss can improve insulin resistance and ovulation.
• Diet : A balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help regulate blood sugar levels.
• Exercise : Regular physical activity improves insulin sensitivity and overall health.
• Stress management : Techniques like yoga, meditation, and deep breathing can help manage stress.

In some cases, surgical procedures may be considered:

• Ovarian drilling : Creating small holes in the ovaries to improve ovulation.
• Ovarian cystectomy : Removal of ovarian cysts.
• Hysterectomy and oophorectomy : In severe cases, removal of the uterus and ovaries.

Fertility and PCOS
Women with PCOS often experience challenges with fertility. Treatment options include :

• Ovulation induction : Medications to stimulate ovulation.
• In vitro fertilization (IVF) : For severe infertility.